Structural health monitoring of aircraft structures springerlink. Structural health monitoring of a bonded composite patch repair on a fatiguecracked f111c wing executive summary in 1994 a large 48 mm fatigue crack was discovered in the wing skin a155 of an australian defence force f111c aircraft, following the investigation of a fuel leak. Structural health monitoring shm is defined as the process of implementing a damage identification strategy for aerospace, civil, and mechanical engineering infrastructure 82,838283. An effective structural health monitoring shm system successfully senses the abnormalities bound to occur in the structure with abnormal loading and aggressive. Purchase structural health monitoring shm in aerospace structures 1st edition. Costeffectiveness of structural health monitoring in. Aircraft structural health monitoring, prospects for smart. A new technology of aircraft structural health monitoring. Impact is identified by onboard pzt and fbg ultrasonic shm sensors. Structural healthmonitoring of composites for aircraft structures. Structural health monitoring on fixed wing aircraft published sept 20 probability of detection area of concern reliability workshop april 2015 to determine path forward developed 2 pod methodologies for shm arp being developed for pod planning a second workshop in 2019 develop the test program for validation of the. Fielding a structural health monitoring system on legacy. Structural health monitoring an overview sciencedirect topics. A system that enables automatic detection, diagnosis, prognosis and mitigation of adverse events arising from component failures, is conceptualized in an integrated vehicle health management.
A contribution to the intelligent aircraft structure, authorholger speckmann. Future aircrafts will be manufactured out of new and innovative materials and will be assembled by fast and economic assembling technologies. Aircraft structural health monitoring using mss technology. Aircraft health monitoring market by aircraft type. This chapter describes and discusses the evolution of structural health monitoring shm technologies for aircraft. Integrated vehicle health management of a transport. The embedded ultrasonic technology provides active structural health monitoring, i. This is, in fact, the consequence of the diversity of both structuresm aterials to monitor and ty pes of damage t o. For the purpose of this paper, the primary components providing data for safe cbm related. Bayesian computational sensor networks that detect and identify structural damage, model physical phenomena and sensors, and characterize uncertainty. Structural health monitoring of a bonded composite patch. Structural health monitoring of aircraft structure by method.
The introduction gives the importance of shm, its application potential and the principal constituents. Structural health monitoring shm is defined as the process of. Ultrasonic guided waves have the important property that they remain confined inside the walls of a thinwall structure flat or curved. Vibrationbased damage diagnosis and monitoring of external loads. Pdf bayesian methods for aircraft structural health. Structural health monitoring an overview sciencedirect. The navy has successfully tracked fatigue life expended fle for fixedwing aircraft since the mid 1970s. This paper provides an overview of the structural health monitoring activities at fraunhofer izfp dresden, and discusses future concepts.
Aircraft structural health monitoring using mss technology author. Structural health monitoring market size shm industry. In structural health monitoring shm of aircraft structure that basis on ultrasound non destructive inspection the concept of electromechanical impedance emi. Objective of structural health monitoring performance enhancement of an existing structure monitoring of structures affected by external factors feedback loop to improve future design based on experience assessment of postearthquake structural integrity decline in construction and growth in maintenance needs. Lamb waves have received much attention in the nondestructive evaluation nde and structural health monitoring. In case of damage, the system directly identifies the location and suggests the actions that can be taken. The major objectives for the project as applied to aircraft structural health monitoring are to develop. Aircraft health monitoring system as a concept stems from challenges to enhance flight safety and at the same time to reduce operational and maintenance costs. Aircraft structures operate in harsh conditions sustaining high loads, fatigue cycles and. This approach has allowed the aircraft industry to reach a very high safety level, and the. Boller is the editor of health monitoring of aerospace structures. Shm is a structural condition assessment system using sensor technology and flight parameters that can potentially monitor airplane loads and structural damage accidental and fatigue load monitoring load exceedance hard and heavy landing shm011 strain microstrain600400200 0 200 400 600 800 1200 1400 0 200 400 600 800 120014001600.
Dec 19, 2003 he was jointly awarded the 2004 person of the year title by structural health monitoring journal for outstanding contribution in the field of shm. Structural maintenance of civil aviation aircraft is currently based on. Optical fiber sensors for aircraft structural health. Structural health monitoring of aircraft structures. The uses of structural health monitoring shm technologies for future aircraft will not only enable new possibilities for maintenance concepts, but will have a big in fluence on design concepts and assembling technologies. Sae international aerospace recommended practices document. A structural health monitoring shm system that can evaluate the health of the airframe. Structural health monitoring of smart composite materials by using efpi and fbg sensors.
Here damage is defined as changes to the material andor geometric properties of a structural system, including changes to the boundary conditions and system connectivity, which adversely affect. Government agencies and private companies spend billions of dollars. Schubert 1 1 fraunhofer institute for nondestructive testing, izfp dresden branch, dresden, germany. Smart sensor technologies and signal processing, published by wiley. Compared with the traditional and some novel nondestructive testing ndt techniques, it is capable of realtime crack initiation and growth detection reliably and accurately, and especially suitable to monitor the interior locations with hard accessibility. Pdf structural health monitoring of composite aircraft. Health monitoring for airframe structural characterization. Arp6461 guidelines on the implementation of structural health monitoring on fixed wing aircraft september 20. Wireless sensors to measure intorque data, flight messengers to monitor maintenance needs, and aviation analytics are evolving technologies in the ahm market.
Structural health monitoring system health management. Aircraft structures require periodic and scheduled inspection and maintenance operations due to their special operating conditions and the principles of design employed to develop them. Pdf structural health monitoring shm is receiving considerable attention because of the growing demand for innovative approaches to. Structural health monitoring and lifetime prediction. Wireless sensor networks applications in aircraft structural health monitoring dragoljub vujic military technical institute, belgrade, serbia aircraft industry has to meet a challenge of reducing operational and maintenance costs. Development, validation, verification and certification of structural health monitoring systems for military aircraft. Comparative vacuum monitoring as applied during a fullscale fatigue test on an f16. Structural health monitoring is remarkable by the variety of techniques used. Structural health monitoring shm in aerospace structures. Us navy roadmap to structural health and usage monitoring.
The goal of the asip is to ensure the desired level of structural safety, performance, durability, and supportability with the least possible economic burden throughout the aircraft s service life. The major functionalities incorporated into imds are health monitoring, usage monitoring, and the maintainer interface figure 3. Application of structural health monitoring over a critical. A laminated composite aircraft panel suffers impact damage.
Structural health monitoring shm relies on sensors that can be permanently placed on the structure and monitored over time either in a passive or in an active way. Bayesian methods for aircraft structural health monitoring. Pdf aircraft structural health and usage monitoring. Wu abstract structural health monitoring shm technology is a revolutionary method of determining the integrity of aircraft structures, and is increasingly being evaluated by. Military aircraft structural airworthiness advisory group.
Application of structural health monitoring over a. Sep 29, 2014 nine commercial aircraft flying regular routes are on the frontier of aviation safety, carrying sensors that monitor their structural health along with their routine maintenance. Structural health monitoring as a way of making materials and structures smart since the end of the 1980s, the concept of smart or intelligent materials and structures has become more and more present in the minds of engineers. Consequently, new technology is needed to assess health and flight safety for many types of aircraft structures without incurring additional maintenance costs. The structural health and usage monitoring shum program is the cornerstone of our efforts to exploit the full fatigue life of our rotary wing aircraft while minimizing cost. Advances in structural health management and composite structures in jeonju, south korea, august 2729, 2014. Ultrasonic lamb wave tomography in structural health. Due to the characteristics of space structures, the requirements for structural health monitoring can be quite different from those of aircraft structures. Structural health monitoring, aircraft, wind turbines, pipes, acoustic emission, saft 1. Health monitoring of aerospace structures wiley online books. Bayesianmethods for aircraft structural health monitoring. A new technique of aircraft structural health monitoring socalled comparative vacuum monitoring cvm is introduced in this paper. Introduction in the damagetolerant design concept, aircraft are maintained for their safety and reliability using periodic maintenance.
Reducing the cost of inspecting the airframe and the maintenance downtime this requires would further this goal. As a result, aircraft safety, reliability and operation readiness will increase. This aspect of structural health is particularly relevant for transportation systems and in this connection structural health monitoring is a safety issue. Shm of airframes for the identification and characterization of structural degradation presents unique challenges. Shm is a new and alternative way of nondestructiveinspection ndi in order to ensure the structural integrity of aircraft structures. Monitoring aircraft structural health using optical fiber. Structural health monitoring is a tool that enables civil engineers to reduce maintenance cost and improve safety measures of crucial architectural structures. Structural health monitoring shm is receiving considerable attention because of the growing demand for innovative approaches to preventing damage in larger infrastructures. Structural health is directly related to structural performance and in this respect it is a governing parameter with regard to safety of operation. Inflight sensor tests a step toward structural health. Structural health m onitoring schem es for aerospace structures. Structural health monitoring shm is a critical consideration for overall condition monitoring of aircraft systems.
Current aerospace applications of structural health monitoring in china x. Structural health monitoring shm refers to the process of implementing a damage detection and characterization strategy for engineering structures such as bridges and buildings. Traditionally, offline diagnostic models based on a statistical analysis of material degradation, operating. One of the possible ways for reducing these costs is the introduction of wireless sensor networks wsns. New trends in structural health monitoring wieslaw. Current ultrasonic sensing systems based on lamb waves are mostly experimental see 25 for a very good overview of this topic, and one of our goals is to develop robust methods for structural health monitoring which can then. Current aerospace applications of structural health. An assessment of durability requirements for aircraft. Introduction it is necessary to reduce the operating costs of commercial aircraft. Compared with the traditional and some novel nondestructive testing ndt techniques, it is capable of realtime crack initiation and growth detection reliably and accurately, and especially suitable to monitor the interior locations with. Structural health monitoring can include applications on very different structures with very different requirements. Fielding a structural health monitoring system on legacy military aircraft a business perspective example of a structural health monitoring system.
The paper will then move to introducing structural health monitoring, its benefits, and how it can be applied to airplane structures. Statistical time series methods for vibration based structural health monitoring. Pdf new trends in structural health monitoring pp 81148 cite as. Structural health monitoring for advanced composite. Today s aging aircraft fleet is flying far longer than originally designed.
Operational costs and need of preventive and corrective maintenance. The goal would be to make nondestructive testing technology an integral part of the aircraft structure itself embedded structural health monitoring eshm. Structural healthmonitoring of composites for aircraft. Structural health monitoring for life management of aircraft. Other examples are passive or active adaptive structures and selfhealing structures. Faa structural administration federal aviation health. Structural health monitoring for life management of aircraft qiaojian huang, brad regez and sridhar krishnaswamy center for quality engineering and failure prevention, northwestern university, evanston, il 60208, usa abstract in this paper, the influence of disbond damage on lamb wave propagation in glass. Fibre optic sensors for structural health monitoring of. Implementation of structural health monitoring for the. A paradigm shift from nondestructive testing to structural health monitoring systems has led to the development of enhanced aircraft health monitoring systems.
Structural maintenance of civil aviation aircraft is currently based on scheduled maintenance, where the maintenance interval is determined. The monitoring and subsequent management of structural health plays an essential role in system health management applications for space transportation vehicles. These sensors should be affordable, lightweight, and unobtrusive such as to not impose cost and weight penalty on the structure and to not interfere with the structural strength and airworthiness. Structural health monitoring for aircraft, ground transportation vehicles, wind turbines and pipes prognosis n. A contribution to the intelligent aircraft structure holger speckmann, henrik roesner, airbus, bremen, germany abstract. Structural health monitoring techniques for aircraft. Structural health monitoring shm is one of the major contributions for future smart structures. Structural health monitoring in commercial aviation. Fundamental functions performed by shm systems include testing and monitoring of performance and health of large machines, airframes, turbines, and structures such as buildings, bridges. Optical fiber sensors for aircraft structural health monitoring. So a continuous or more often inspection is not possible due to economic reasons.
Aircraft structural health monitoring, prospects for smart solutions from a european viewpoint. Rajua,b,c quest global aquest global engineering, ground floor, building5 b, sez pritech ii, bangalore, karnataka 560 103, india bdepartment of aeronautical engineering, new horizon college of engineering, bangalore, karnataka 560 103, india. Presented at the international workshop on structural health monitring, held stanford university usa, september 18 to 20, 1997. Flat coil sensors inspired by eddy current technology, 2.
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